Combined scalper, excavator, road-roller, and locomotive.



5 SHEETS-SHEET l.

PATENTED NOV. 26, 1907.

C. J. VAN BUREN. COMBINED SGALPER, EXOAVATOR, ROAD ROLLER, AND LOGOMOTIVE.

APPLIOATION FILED SEPT. 12, 1905. RENEWED JUNE 20, 1906.

qybtmeooao .1

PATENTED NOV. 26, 1907.

C. J. VAN BUREN. COMBINED SGALPER, EXGAVATOR, ROAD ROLLER, AND LOGOMOTIVE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 12. 1905. RENEWED JUNE 20, 1906- 5 SHEETS-SHEET 2 No. 872,159. PATENTED NOV. 26, 1907. C. J. VAN BUREN.

COMBINED SOALPER, EXGAVATOR, ROAD ROLLER, AND LOUOMOTIVE.

APPLIOATION FILED SEPT. 12, 1905. RENEWED JUNE 20, 1906.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

No. 872,159. PATENTED NOV. 26, 1907. O. J. VAN BUREN.

COMBINED SGALPER, EXGAVATOR, ROAD ROLLER, AND LOOOMOTIVE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 12, 1905. RENEWED JUNE 20, 1906.

6 SHEETSSHEET 4.

No. 872,159; PATENTED Nov. 26, 1907! c. J. VAN BUREN.

COMBINED SCALPER, EXGAVATOR, ROAD ROLLER, AND LOGOMOTIVE.

APPLICATION 2mm SEPT. 12, 1905. RENEWED mm 20. 1900.

' s sums-sum 5.

' UNITED STATES PATENT CHARLES J. VAN BUREN, OF FINDLAY, OHIO.

, and I do hereby declare the following to be OFFICE.

oomamnn SOALPER, nxoava'ron, ROAD-ROLLER, AND LocoMo'rIvn.

Specification of Letters Patent.

P atented Nov. 26, 1907.

Application filed September 12, 1905, Serial No- 278,123. Renewed June 20,1906. Serial No. 322.610.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES J. VAN BU- REN, a'citizen of the United States, residi at Findlay, in the county of Hancock an State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combined Scal ers,

Excavators, Road-Rollers, and Locomotlves a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothersskilled in the art to which it appertalns to make and My invention relates to improvements in combined scalpers, excavators, road rollers,

and locomotives, and the object of my invention is to readily used for all these four purposes.

My invention includes a machine consisting of a platform on which an engine is mounted, which engine may be used to drive the ditching'wheel, to propel the machine, or to do both at the same time. This machine is provided with a removable roller, and with chineis to be usedisit absolutely a removable ditching wheel. The driving and steeri wheels are also removable, so that by a slm le removal or substitution of parts the madlline' may be used for all the purposes specified. It is, however, not absoute y necessary to remove, for instance, the ditching wheel or the roller when the maas a road locomotive, nor necessary to remove the Y ditching wheel when the machine is used as ditching is to be a roadroller, but for the sake of'a pearances, as well as from considerations 0 power and weight, I prefer usually to remove the ditching wheel from the machine when the latter is to be used as aroad locomotive, or as a road roller, to remove the roller from the machine when the latter is to be used as an excavator or scalper, and to remove both the wheel and the roller when the latter usedmerely as a road locomotive.

Withthese objects in view, my invention consists in the construction and combinations of claimed.

' Inthe accompanying drawings; Figure '1 represents my machine in side elevation, the front art thereof being broken off. Fig. 2 is a l dn view of the machine shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a rear view-of the same. Figs.

parts as hereinafter described and .4 and 5 are side and top views respectively of the roller, which is adapted to be attached to the front of the machine. Fig. 6 is a top view on an enlarged scale of a portion of the provide. a machine which may be machine showing the elevator for delivering chine, the elevator apron, however, being removed. Fig. 7 is aside view of the parts shown in Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a side view partly in section showing the elevator frame. 9 is a side view of the. duplex engine for raising or lowering the ditchin Wheel, and Fig. 10 is a cross section of the shaft which drives the elevator apron. 1

The machine is mounted on a strong frame a, which is provided at its rear with a platform I) on which the o erator stands and from which he directs t e operation of the machine. In front theframe comes to a oint, as shown at 'c, the sides of the frame orming a fuel box in the s ace d.

e represents a water tan carried by the frame, and f represents 'a boiler mounted on said frame. On the frame is mounted the driving engine g, preferably a du lex engine, and supplied wit steam from t e boiler by the pipe h;

'i represents the main driving shaft which is driven from the engine-g by cranks and connections of the usual ty e. On the shaft '11 is slidably mounted the difiving pinion it being connected to said-shaft by 'a spline or feather (not shown) or in any other desired way, which will cause it to revolve with the shaft 11, and yet be slidably mounted thereon. The pinion jmeshes with the gear wheel is fastened to the shaft], ,to which shaft is also fastened the pinion 'm, which meshes with the gear wheel 11. fastened to the shaft 0. The gear wheel n meshes with a differential gear wheel of any usual type p, which 1s mounted u on the shaft g, which extends across the ffame a from side to side. This shaft 9 is rovidedat each end with a small gear wheel 1', Fig. 1, which meshes with an internal gear wheel s on the traction wheels t provided with mud cleats a of the usual type. The frame a is preferably rovided with extensions '0, one on each si e of the wheel which encircle the driving wheels. It is obvious by means of the gearing, just described, and when the parts are in the position-shown in Fig. 2, that the rotation of the driving shaft '1', will cause the driving Wheels t to revolve, propelling the whole machine forward. I

The position of the inionupon the shaft '21 is determined by tlie operator, who can move the lever w. By means of the connecting rod a, crank y, and fork z, the move- Fig.

bracket 5 located on standard. This standard is preferably comment of the lever to will shift-the pinion which is used to move the machine from out place to place,- the ditching wheel being of operation, or when the machine is used as a. road locomotive or a road roller.

Theditching wheel 1 is supported in a strong frame,.preferably made of I-beams 2, 2, which are'connected together near their ends by cross beams (not shown). The outer end of this frame is supported by means of ropes or chains 3, one running to the rear end of each of the I-beams 2, and each passing over a pulley 4 supported on a the top of an upright posed of two parallel I-beams 6, 7,- mounted on the frame a, leaving a long narrow space or slot between them. A air of these vertical Lbeams' is located on the outside of each of the I-beams 2. Each of the I-beams is provided at one end with a pin 8 which passes into the space between the I-beams 6 and 7, and on this pin is mounted, preferably loosely, a roller 9, so that the front end of the frame carrying the ditching wheelmay be raised or lowered. easily, and without friction. A, pair of flexible ropes 10 are attached one to each end of the wheel frame passing over pulleys 11.

The ropes 3 are wound up on drums 12 on the shaft 13, this shaft, as well as several other of the shafts, being mounted in a rectangular frame-I4 provided with braces 15, which frame is attached to the frame '0.

The frame 15 is removably connected to the frame '0 fitting into it by means of lugs and sockets and fastened by bolts (not shown) or in any tends from the outer part of the frame 14 to the main frame a. This shaft 13 is provided with a coupling 17, so that the two artsof which it is composed may be readi y. sepa- The other shafts 18 pass through the frame 14 are rated from each other. and 19, which similarly provided with couplings 20 and 21, so that these shaftsalso may be easily separated into their component parts. I

When it is desired to remove the ditching wheel from the machine, the couplings 17, 20 and 21 are separated, the brace 16 unscrewed from the main frame a, and the whole frame together with the brace 16, the wheel carrying frame, the ditching wheel and the elevator are. lifted bodily from the machine.

The ditching wheel is hollow, and is suported on four or more pulleys such as 22 23, and 24. These pulleys are carried at the end of a frame made by uniting together the braces 25, 26, .27 and 28, in the corners of which frame bearings for the pulleys are lo- Ipinionfb'e moved other suitable way. A brace 16 ex-.

wheel 50. A sprocket eraae cated. The two upper pulleys of this frame are supported on shafts, one of which is shown at 29, which in turn are supported in bearings on the wheel frame. wheel is suspended in the wheel frame, and can be easily moved therein.' The guide pulleys 22, 23 and 24 are flanged, as shown at 30, and these flanges engage with a flange 31 on the ditching wheel, thus preventing any appreciable sidewise movement. The pulley frame, shown in Fig. 1 is, of course, made double, one set of four pulleys each bearing on each of the I-beams 2. The outer face of the wheel is provided with buckets or scoops 32, which are preferably provided with teeth 33. These-bucketsextend from side to side on the edge of the wheel, and knives or cutters 34 are provided located between the buckets. The wheel is provided with two internal'sets of gear'teeth 35, with which the pinions 36 e age, which pinionsare mount ed on the. sha t 37 which 1n turn is mounted on the wheel frame.

Thus the The shaft 37 is driven by means of two Y sprocket chains 38 and 39 running over sprocket wheels 40 and 41 carried by the shaft 37, and also over s rocket wheels 42 and 43 carried by'the sha 19. When it is desired to o erate the ditching wheel from the engine, tihe lever w is moved by the operator throwing the parts from the position shown in Fig. 2 into a osition where the pinion 1' will be disengage from the pinion 7c, and the clutch portion 44 on'the hu of said over to engage the clutch portion 45 on the hub of the sprocket wheel 46. A sprocket chain 47 passes over'the sprocket wheel-46 and over a sprocket wheel 48 on the shaft 19.'-

' By means of the parts, just described, the o eration of the main engine willoperate the dltching wheel, but it is desirable,- under ordinary circumstances, that when the ditching wheel is operated the whole machine should be moved slowly forward, and the means for doing this will now be described.

Behind thevertical frame 14 is located an upright frame, substantially of the same shape as the frame 14 shown in Fig. 1. frame, of course, is in duplicate, one side of it being located just inside the inner edge of the traction wheels t. In this frame is This mounted a shaft 49. carrying a large sprocket this sprocket wheel 50, 52, loosely mounted on the shaft 19. A clutch 53 splined to the shaft 19 is rovided, which is operated by the attendant h of a lever 54. When this clutch is thrown into engagement it is obvious that the rota.-

chain 51 passes over and a sprocket P1111011.

ymeans-q tion of the shaft 19 will rotate the sprocket wheels 52 and '50, and will therefore rotate the shaft 49. This shaft 49 has on it a sprocket pinion 55, which is connected by a sprocket chain 56 to a sprocket wheel 57 portions 44and 45 into mounted on the shaft 58 On this shaft 58 is a sprocket P1111011 59, and a sprocket chain 60 passes over this sprocket pinion, and a sprocket wheel 61 on the shaft 0. The sprocket wheel 61 is loosely mounted on the aft 0. be operated by means 0 necting rod 64, and hand lever 65, which .is under the control of the o eraton' It is obvious that when t e clutches 53 and 62 are thrown into their closed position the operation of the shaft 19 will operate in suc-* cession the shafts 49, 58 and 0, which latter shaft, as already described, operates the driving wheels t. In ditching operations the lever w isfirst operated throwing the clutch engagemeiit with each other, and then the operation of the enthe crank 63, congine will operatethe shaft 19, which will start the ditching wheel in operation The clutch 53 is then closed, which starts the shafts 49, and 58 into operation. The clutch 62 is then closed, which starts the shaft 0 into operation, and thereby' the driving wheels 25, so that the whole machine moves slowly forward, cutting a ditch or trench as it goes. Of course, it is necessary that this forward movement of the machine, while the ditchis actually being out, should be comparatively slow, and the arts are so proportioned that during the itch cutting operation the advance of themachine iscomparatively sloW.-- When, however, the ditching operation has been finished, and it is desired to transport the machine, the-direct operating means through'the-gears j, 7:, etc., are used, the movement in that case being much faster.

Ordinary the engine 9 and cutting it ofl therefrom are, of course, used, and these means are extended backward so that the attendant on the latform b can admit steam to, or cut it'off -om, the engine without leaving the platbeing of the ordinary er to avoid com type have not been shown on the drawing, in or 5'0 vided with a central rib 70. The

x guided by shifting the ,dr um 72 mounted on the main frame.

7 The means for lication. The front part '0 mounted on an axle ed two 67 onwhichare mountiding wheels, 68 and 69, each promachine is axle one Way or the other, asdesired, and this is accomplished in the usual way. by chains 71, which pass over the axle 67, and over another axle lor T 1e axle or drum 72 is moved by means of a Worm wheel 73 with which a worm- 74 enga es.

Tlns worm is, actuated by a rod 75 carrie in suitable bearings on the frame a and extending backwards to the platformb where it is provided with a wheel 76 havin a handle 77.

raising and %owering the ends of the wheel frame will now be de- A clutch 62 is provided which can means for admitting steam to.

the frame a is pivotally scribed. Each air of ro es, such as 3 and 10, is operated y a smal reversible duplex engine, such as 78 and 79, one of which is shown on an enlarged scale inFig. 9, and

consists of two cylinders 80 and 81 connected on which is mounted mounted in a frame 85, in which the whole engine is mounted. The shaft 82 is provided with a worm 8,6 meshing with a worm wheel 87. The shaft 84 is provided with a gear wheel 88 meshing with a gear wheel 89 on the shaft 90, which is mountedin the frame 85. The shaft 90 is provided with a wheel 91 and a crank handle 92. Steam connections between the boiler and each of the small engines are, ofcourse, proyided,

but have not been shown on the drawing in order to avoid complicationQ To start the engine the valve in this connecting steam pipe is opened, and then the shaft 90 is revo ved byfhand, thus starting the engine, which then continues its operation as long as the shaft 90 is revolved. These small shifting engines are, of course, reversible, and one of them is provided for each end of the wheel frame, so that each end of the wheel frame may be raised or lowered, as desired, either separately or at the same time that the other end of the wheel frame is moved.

The levers w, 65, and 54, as well as the means for starting the shifting engines, for iding the machine and for cutting off, and or supplying, steam to the large engine and to the shifting engines, are.all located so as to be Within eas reach of the standing on the platform I).

'In Figs. 4 and 5 is shown the road roller atattendant The valve gear of this entachment, which may be-removed or be left i on the machine, being mounted in a slightly higher frame than the front'steering frame.

/ The front end of the main frame a terminates in a bearing 93 adapted to embrace a swivel pin 94 centrally mounted on the top of the frame 95, which carries the rollers 96 and 97, which may, however, be made integral, if desired. The pin 94 is fastened in the center of the frame 95 in any desired way, as by the pin 98. At the ends the frame 95 isbent downwardly, as shown at 99, and each lower end is formed into 101 ofthe rollers. A protecting frame 102 of ordinary construction extends rearwardly from the axle 1011 When the machine is to be used as a road locomotive or an excavator, the pin 94,.

frame 95,.and the rollers mounted therein are preferably removed from the machine.

When it is desired to use the machine as a road roller the pin 94 is mounted in the beara bearing 100 for the axle are provided so that if large apron.

I other end the jection 105,106,

by the nut 126. The

123 and 124, and when p &

ing 93, and the ordinary front steering wheels of the machine removed, allowing the entire weight of the front of the machine to rest on the rollers 96 and 97. The elevator, by means 'ofwhich the dirt is carried from the ditch' posited on the side of the ditch will next be described, special reference being had to Figs. 6,7, 8 and 10. I

103 represents theelevator frame, whichis composed of two arts 'hingedtogether, as shown at 104. he sides of the elevator frame are preferably composed of U-shaped iron beams set on edge. At each end each beam is provided with a screw threaded prothrough which pass adjustmg screws 107 and 108, which carry the end brackets 109 and 110, in which are mounted theshafts 111 and 112 which carry the drivingsprockets. At the point 104 there is a cross bar 113 which serves as a hinge, and perforated brackets 114 are mounted near the top of the-frame 103'.

The rollers 116 in the swinging portion ofthe elevator frame are con'caved towards the cen-' ter, as shown, so that the elevatorifiron 117 with its load of dirt, gravel, etc., sag inwardly towards the center, thus reventing the gravel from being spilled. The stationary part of the elevator frame is provide with cylindrical rollers 11-7, and between these cylindrical rollers, and fastened to the frame, are locatedthe steel plates 118 curved .downwardly, as shown at 119. These plates stones should be delivered from the buckets of the ditching wheel u on ther apron, the shock to the apron, s oul'd tlsvely l happen. to fall between t e rollers 117, not seriously injure the The elevator apron is ing way. The shaft 37 which drives the ditching wheel-is provided with a gear wheel 120 which meshes with the-pinion 121 on the shaft 122. On the shaft 122 is a collar 123, which is shrunk thereon, and is thereforefirmly fixedto said shaft. Another collar 124 is secured to this shaft by means of the spline 125 and this collar is held in osition pinion 121 is field between the two collars the nut 126 is screwed home-the pinion 121 is in frictional contact with the shaft 122, and will drive said shaft frictionall At the shaft 122 is provid ed with a beveled gear wheel 127 which meshes with a similarly shaped wheel 128 on the shaftj129, which passes throughthe stationary part of the elevator frame. On this shaft 129 vis mounted a sprocket wheel 130, which is located between the upper and under folds of g wheel and devided in the .movable part and 115 are attached to the swinging and stationary parts of'thedriven in the followthe apron, said sprocket wheel being, of

.course, fastened to said shaft. The sprocket wheel 130 is connected by a s rocket chain indicated by dotted lines in fig. 6, with a sprocket wheel 131 mounted on the shaft 111. It will'be evident that by the means thus described the revolution of the shaft 37 will cause the revolution'of the shaft 1 1 1.

On the shafts 111 and 112' are mounted sprocket wheels132 and 133. These sprocket wheels are connected by dicated in dotted lines in 6 to which tened. The sprocket wheel 131 is, of course,

sprocket chains in-v sprocket chains the elevator apron is fas- I smaller than the sprocket wheels 132 in order not to interfere with the apron. Addi tional bracing-rods 134.are preferably proof the elevator frame to make the structure stiff. The shaft 112 is also provided with a pulley 135 of about the same size as the sprocket Wheels 133, which serves to: support the central part of the elevator apron at one end.

The shaft 112 is hollow, and the sprocket wheels 133 are loosely mounted thereon. 136 represents a compression grease cup by means of which hollow shaft 112, and up through holes therein which are located underneath the hubs of the sprocket wheels 133 thereby lubricating the same. A similar construction may be employed in connection with the shaft 111, if sired means for lubricating any of the parts of the machine may be used.

'The outer end of the elevator frame is supported by a bail 137, Figs..2 and 3-, which is connected by means of a rope 13.8, which passes overa pulley 139 mounted-in a brace 140 securedto the main frame of the machine,

to'a windl drum (not shown) By-turning this drumt Ina be raised or lowered, as desired;

a lubricant is forced intothe desired, and, of course, any dee outer end of the elevator frame 'le I have thus described my invention I I wish it-to be distinctly understood that I do not limit myself to the exact features shown and described, as these might be varied greatly my invention.

The features which'l consider ofespecial importance arev that the machine may be used with equal facility either as an excavator, or as a scalper, or as a road roller, or as a road locomotive. By. having the ditching wheel on the side of the machine it may either be placed at the rear of the machine or along side the machine.( The removal of the front steeri stitution oft e divided .drum on the extreme front end makes the machine well adapted as a road roller. Then by disconnecting the ditching wheel and its frame the-machine can be used either as a road roller, or as a road locomotive. In any case the arrangement of without departing from the spirit of wheels and axle, and the subthe'parts so that they of great advantage.

The specific form of the elevator I also regard as new and very useful.

Havingthus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. A road locomotive, road roller and excavator combined in a single unitary structure, substantially as described.

engine, and gearing,

I said with traction and jengine and gearing orthat the ditching without moving the whole 2. The combination of a traction engine and a road roller and ditching Wheel removably secured thereto, substantially as described. v

3. The combination of a road locomotive provided with driving and steering wheels, a frame provided with an excavating wheel and with an elevator detachably secured'to said road locomotive, and rollers also detachably secured to said road locomotive, substantially as described.

4. The combination of a frame provided with driving and steering wheels, a boiler and engine and controlling means, thewhole formi. .a road locomotive, with a ditching wheel etachably connected to said road locomotive, at the side or at the rear, but-always to one side of the traction wheels, sub stantially as described.

5'. The combination of a frame provided with steering and traction wheels, a boiler, the whole forming a a second frame de-' frame of said road 10- frame being provided an elevator, and with the same, substantially as roadlocomotive, and tachably secured to the comotive, said second with a ditching wheel, meansfor driving described.

6. The combination of a frame provided steeringwheels, a boiler, supported by the frame, the whole forming a road locomotive, a second frame carrying a ditching wheel and an elevator, detachably secured to the frame of said road locomotive, and driving means for said ditching wheel and elevator, said driving means being detachably connectedtothe driving means of said road locomotive, substantially as described. I

7. The combination of a road locomotive provided with traction and steeringwheels, a boiler and engine, and gearing for operatin traction wheels by the movement of sai engine, with. a detachable frame adapted to beconnected to the frame of said road locomotive, a ditching wheel mounted in said detachable frame, means for driving said ditch ing wheel, detachable connections between said iving means and; the driving means of the road locomotive, and clutch mechanisms so arranged that the whole machine may be moved forward without 0 erating the Wheel wheel may be operated machine forward,

- connected to the connections frame either upwards or downwards, simul substantially as detaneously or separately, scribed.

9. The combination of a mainframe provided with drivin and steering wheels and operating means thereon, the whole forming a road locomotive, of a supplemental frame detachably connected to said main frame, a swinging frame, one end of-which is mounted in said supplemental frame, a ditching wheel carried in said swinging frame, flexible connections attached to each end of said swinging frame respectively, and an engine of each end of said swinging frame, substantially as described.

10. The combination of a main frame provided with driving and steering wheels and operating means on said frame, the whole forming a road locomotive, a supplemental frame removably mount-ed on said main frame, a swinging frame, one, end of which is mounted in said supplemental frame, flexible connections attached to each end of said swinging frame, a duplex en ine attached to the connections at each end of said frame, and hand operated means for starting each of said engines, substantially as described.

11. The combination of a frame, a swing ing frame, one end of which is mounted in said first named frame, a ditching wheel mounted in said swinging frame, flexible connections attached to each end of said swinging frame, a duplex engline connected with the connections at eac end of said swinging frame, and hand 0 crating means for starting said engine, and for moving said ,swingin frame, substantially as described.

12. T e combination of an adjustable frame, a ditching wheel mounted therein, an elevator for carrying away the material delivered by said ditchin -wheel, said elevator comprising a ointedii'ame, an apron run-- nmg over said frame, meansfor adjusting the outer end of said elevator and means for ad justing the imier end of saidelevator and thereby keeping all the chains as well as the apron in proper tension, and frictional means for operating said elevator, substantially as described.

,13. The combination of a frame, a ditching wheel supported therein, an elevator, one end of which is supported by said frame, said elevator including a jointed frame, an apron, guide rollers, and means for adjusting the tension of said apron, and means for raisframe provided with a spindle adapted to ing or'lowering the delivery end of said eleengage said bearing, and rollers mounted in vator, substantially as described. said roller carrying frame, substantially as 25 14. The combination'of a frame, a ditchdescribed. ing wheel carried thereby, means for operat- 16. The combination of a frame, a ditching 'said'wheel, and an elevator for carrying ing wheel supported therein, an elevator, one 0E the material delivered thereon by said end of'which is supported by said frame, ditching wheel, said elevator comprising a said elevator including a jointed frame, an 30 jointed frame, adjustable sprocket Wheels at apron, guide rollers, means between some of eachend of said frame,'rollersmounted in said said 'uide rollers for preventing the apron frame, some of said rollers being concaved from eing torn if heavy bodies are delivered towards the center, means for operating said thereon by said ditching wheel, means for 'elevator, and means for adjusting the outer adjusting the tension of said apron, and means 35 end of said elevator, substantially as defor raising 6r lowering the delivery end of scribed. said elevator, substantially as described.

15. The combination of a main frame, In testimony whereofllaffix my signature, driving wheels attached thereto, steering in presence of two witnesses.

' Wheels movably carried by said frame a I T boiler, engine and operating gearv carried by HA L VAN said drum, the whole constituting a road Witnesses:

. locomotive, said frame being provided with a J No. SHERIDAN,

bearing near its frontend, a roller carrying LoUIs M. MONHEIMER. 

